What is the functional group quizlet?
A brief list of common functional groups Keep in mind that this is not an exhaustive list, and there are many more functional groups in organic chemistry. Here are some of the most common ones:
1. Hydroxyl Group (OH):
Example: the alcohol functional group
2. Carbonyl Group (C=O):
Ketone: C=O within the carbon chain.
Example: Acetone.
Aldehyde: C=O at the end of the carbon chain.
Example: formaldehyde.
3. Carboxyl Group (COOH):
Example: Carboxylic acid functional group
4. Amino Group (NH2):
Example: the amino functional group.
5. Sulfhydryl Group (SH):
Example: Thiol functional group
6. Phosphate Group (PO4):
Example: Phosphoric acid functional group.
7. Methyl Group (CH3):
Example: Methyl functional group.
8. Ester Group (-COO):
Example: Ester functional group.
9. Ether Group (O):
Example: another functional group.
10. Amide Group (CONH2):
Example: amide functional group.
11. Nitrile Group (CN):
Example: Nitrile functional group.
12. Halide Group (X):
Examples: fluoride, chloride, bromide, and iodide functional groups.
These are just some of the fundamental functional groups in organic chemistry. Each functional group imparts specific chemical properties to the molecule it is a part of. If you’re studying organic chemistry, it’s essential to understand the characteristics and reactions associated with these functional groups.
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